{"id":7928,"date":"2022-12-10T19:00:49","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T18:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/de\/?p=7825"},"modified":"2023-05-26T16:43:57","modified_gmt":"2023-05-26T14:43:57","slug":"special-municipal-energy-transition-crowd-concepts-for-battery-storage-systems-are-not-just-an-option-they-are-a-must","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/12-2022\/special-municipal-energy-transition-crowd-concepts-for-battery-storage-systems-are-not-just-an-option-they-are-a-must\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cCrowd concepts for battery storage systems are not just an option. They are a must!\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Professor Burger, the energy turnaround is now to move ahead rapidly. In the German government\u2019s \u201cEaster Package,\u201d it was decided to expand solar and wind energy to 360 GW by 2030. Can the power grids even absorb this amount without additional storage capacities?<\/h3>\n

No. We need more trans\u00adport capac\u00adi\u00adty from north to south and, above all, we need lots of bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage by 2030.<\/p>\n

Why is battery storage so important for the future of grids?<\/h3>\n

Let\u2019s take a look at the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty con\u00adsump\u00adtion of an aver\u00adage week in 2030. It becomes clear that we will need more stor\u00adage than before because dur\u00ading the day, gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion is greater than load due to solar feed-in. This means that we need to store elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty at mid\u00adday, which we then con\u00adsume at din\u00adner time; and at night, we can store wind pow\u00ader that is then avail\u00adable to us at break\u00adfast. So the stor\u00adage has two cycles a day. This is the per\u00adfect appli\u00adca\u00adtion for a bat\u00adtery.<\/p>\n

Are there no alternatives to battery storage such as pumped storage power plants or electrolyzers?<\/h3>\n

Since we will main\u00adly need short-term stor\u00adage up to 2030, pumped stor\u00adage would be an alter\u00adna\u00adtive. How\u00adev\u00ader, we do not have suf\u00adfi\u00adcient resources for this, at least not in Ger\u00admany and there are only a few pos\u00adsi\u00adble sites for new con\u00adstruc\u00adtion. And even if we expand them, that would still be far from suf\u00adfi\u00adcient for the ener\u00adgy tran\u00adsi\u00adtion.<\/p>\n

Hydro\u00adgen will not play a role until 2030. Only then will we have sig\u00adnif\u00adi\u00adcant sur\u00adplus\u00ades to start produc\u00ading it. How\u00adev\u00ader, we should not con\u00advert the green hydro\u00adgen back into elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty, which would gen\u00ader\u00adate loss\u00ades again, but rather use it direct\u00ad\u00adly in indus\u00adtri\u00adal process\u00ades to make its use as effi\u00adcient as pos\u00adsi\u00adble. In this respect, elec\u00adtrolyz\u00aders will only play a role in the ener\u00adgy indus\u00adtry in the medi\u00adum term.<\/p>\n

\u201eBy 2030, we will need around 250 GWh of bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage. As of today, we have 4 GWh.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/h3>\n

What volumes are we talking about? How great is the need for storage in the grids?<\/h3>\n

For our fore\u00adcasts, we sim\u00adu\u00adlat\u00aded the ener\u00adgy tran\u00adsi\u00adtion up to 2045 on an hourly basis and used this to cal\u00adcu\u00adlate the demand for bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage. By 2030, we will need around 250 GWh of bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage. As of today, we only have around 4 GWh so these are huge dimen\u00adsions that are com\u00ading our way.<\/p>\n

Which network levels are mainly affected by this expansion?<\/h3>\n

This will take place at all grid levels\u2014from grid boost\u00aders with up to 250 MW to small PV stor\u00adage units in pri\u00advate homes with 5 kW. How\u00adev\u00ader, grid boost\u00aders have a spe\u00adcial posi\u00adtion. They belong to the trans\u00admis\u00adsion sys\u00adtem oper\u00ada\u00adtors and are there\u00adfore not allow\u00ad\u00aded to par\u00adtic\u00adi\u00adpate in the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty mar\u00adket accord\u00ading to cur\u00adrent reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtions. This means that they are only used in the event of faults or grid bot\u00adtle\u00adnecks to avoid redis\u00adpatch mea\u00adsures. It\u2019s real\u00adly a pity that such huge invest\u00adments are only allowed to per\u00adform a few tasks and are not per\u00adma\u00adnent\u00adly in use. It would make more sense to change the reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adto\u00adry frame\u00adwork and open up these capac\u00adi\u00adties to the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty mar\u00adket.<\/p>\n

There are already many approach\u00ades for renew\u00adable pow\u00ader plants. In this way, oper\u00ada\u00adtors can cir\u00adcum\u00advent restric\u00adtions applic\u00ada\u00adble to grid con\u00adnec\u00adtions. Bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage can be used to install more pow\u00ader and bet\u00adter adapt the gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion curve to the avail\u00adable grid capac\u00adi\u00adties. Cou\u00adpled solar and wind parks with bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage could then offer more or less reli\u00adable gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion and mar\u00adket it accord\u00ading\u00adly.<\/p>\n

\u201cA sig\u00adnif\u00adi\u00adcant por\u00adtion of renew\u00adables are being fed into low volt\u00adage.\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

A large part of the energy transition will take place in the distribution networks. What does it look like there?<\/h3>\n

Yes, the dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion grids are par\u00adtic\u00adu\u00adlar\u00adly affect\u00aded. By 2030, for exam\u00adple, the Ger\u00adman gov\u00adern\u00adment wants to expand onshore wind pow\u00ader to 115 GW and solar to 215 GW. A great deal of this will be local\u00adly dis\u00adpersed. Espe\u00adcial\u00adly in the south, there will be no large wind farms, but rather indi\u00advid\u00adual sys\u00adtems that will then feed into the dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion grid. And solar is also large\u00adly found on roofs. This means that a sig\u00adnif\u00adi\u00adcant pro\u00adpor\u00adtion of renew\u00adables will be fed into the low-volt\u00adage grid.<\/p>\n

What role do battery storage systems play at this level?<\/h3>\n

Pri\u00advate house\u00adholds can use bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage to save their solar pow\u00ader gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion through\u00adout the day for the high-con\u00adsump\u00adtion evening hours. Instead of feed\u00ading the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty into the grid for a low feed-in tar\u00adiff (cur\u00adrent\u00adly this is 8.2 cents\/kWh for new instal\u00adla\u00adtions), they can con\u00adsume it them\u00adselves and cur\u00adrent\u00adly save them\u00adselves 30 to 40 cents per kWh in pur\u00adchas\u00ading costs.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

Energy-Charts<\/h3>\n
\n

<\/p>\n

On the inter\u00adac\u00adtive web\u00adsite devel\u00adoped by Prof. Bruno Burg\u00ader, users can freely con\u00adfig\u00adure all graph\u00adics on elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty pro\u00adduc\u00adtion, and elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty mar\u00adket prices in all coun\u00adtries of Europe. The site is fed by a vari\u00adety of neu\u00adtral and always up-to-date sources and wants to con\u00adtribute to more trans\u00adparen\u00adcy and an objec\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion of the dis\u00adcus\u00adsion about the ener\u00adgy tran\u00adsi\u00adtion.<\/p>\n

www.energy-charts.info<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

What about the batteries of electric cars? There is always talk here of crowd concepts. Do you think that\u2019s a realistic option?<\/h3>\n

This is not just an option. It is a must! Because if we have fluc\u00adtu\u00adat\u00ading gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion, we should adjust the loads to the gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion if pos\u00adsi\u00adble. It is always cheap\u00ader to con\u00adsume elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty direct\u00adly than to store it and con\u00adsume it with a time lag. So, as a first step, it is impor\u00adtant that we have control\u00adlable loads that increase elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty con\u00adsump\u00adtion when there is a lot of renew\u00adable ener\u00adgy avail\u00adable. That means, for exam\u00adple, that you go to work in the morn\u00ading and expect your bat\u00adtery to be full by the evening. What hap\u00adpens in the meantime\u2014whether charg\u00ading stops, what pow\u00ader is used for charging\u2014doesn\u2019t mat\u00adter. This is all left to a con\u00adtrol sys\u00adtem.<\/p>\n

Con\u00adcepts to inte\u00adgrate bat\u00adter\u00adies bidi\u00adrec\u00adtion\u00adal\u00adly and then to com\u00adpen\u00adsate the cus\u00adtomer for this ser\u00advice are more dif\u00adfi\u00adcult. This rais\u00ades the ques\u00adtion of who is respon\u00adsi\u00adble for con\u00adtrol and remu\u00adner\u00ada\u00adtion? Do the dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion net\u00adwork oper\u00ada\u00adtors have access to all charg\u00ading sta\u00adtions and wall\u00adbox\u00ades, or should the man\u00adu\u00adfac\u00adtur\u00aders of the elec\u00adtric cars instead do this?<\/p>\n

\u201cHigh\u00ader prices would be an incen\u00adtive to bet\u00adter match con\u00adsump\u00adtion to gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion. So there\u2019s already a strong case for invest\u00ading in ener\u00adgy stor\u00adage across the board.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Will car manufacturers thus become participants in the electricity market?<\/h3>\n

Yes, because the man\u00adu\u00adfac\u00adtur\u00aders already have com\u00admu\u00adni\u00adca\u00adtion inter\u00adfaces to their vehi\u00adcles and cus\u00adtomers. They are in con\u00adstant con\u00adtact with cars, for exam\u00adple, to upload soft\u00adware updates and the like. These inter\u00adfaces could also be used to con\u00adtrol the charg\u00ading of the bat\u00adter\u00adies. The man\u00adu\u00adfac\u00adtur\u00ader, Volk\u00adswa\u00adgen for exam\u00adple, could pool this func\u00adtion and thus con\u00adtrol the charg\u00ading of the entire fleet depend\u00ading on mar\u00adket elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty prices, so that renew\u00adable ener\u00adgies are used opti\u00admal\u00adly. It could also charge the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty costs direct\u00adly to the cus\u00adtomer, which would be a sim\u00adpler solu\u00adtion than con\u00adtrol\u00adling it via the wall\u00adbox.<\/p>\n

Who are the battery storage operators and how are they financed?<\/h3>\n

The grid boost\u00aders are financed by a levy on the grid fees. Oth\u00ader\u00adwise, any\u00adone will build stor\u00adage facil\u00adi\u00adties for whom it pays off. The pri\u00advate cit\u00adi\u00adzen, because he pro\u00adduces solar pow\u00ader for 6 cents per kWh and saves 40 cents; and it is also inter\u00adest\u00ading for com\u00adpa\u00adnies. If they have high elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty prices and store their own gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion in such a way that it fits bet\u00adter with con\u00adsump\u00adtion, then that is already an argu\u00adment. If a com\u00adpa\u00adny doesn\u2019t have its own gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion, it can use stor\u00adage to low\u00ader peak prices or pur\u00adchased-pow\u00ader lev\u00adels. This is also of inter\u00adest for munic\u00adi\u00adpal\u00adi\u00adties and pub\u00adlic util\u00adi\u00adties. There are more and more appli\u00adca\u00adtions where bat\u00adtery stor\u00adage pays off.<\/p>\n

What then stands in the way of expansion with battery storage?<\/h3>\n

One impor\u00adtant ques\u00adtion, is how the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty price zones with\u00adin a net\u00adwork devel\u00adop. Until four years ago, we still had a com\u00admon elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty price zone with Aus\u00adtria. This meant that Aus\u00adtria bought its elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty when elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty prices were neg\u00ada\u00adtive. That was always the case when we had a lot of wind in the north. But since the trans\u00admis\u00adsion lines from the North Sea to Aus\u00adtria had too lit\u00adtle trans\u00adport capac\u00adi\u00adty, this was solved via redis\u00adpatch. This means that the wind plants in the north were shut down and gas-fired pow\u00ader plants in the south had to start up and pro\u00adduce elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty for Aus\u00adtria at a neg\u00ada\u00adtive price. Now, with the sep\u00ada\u00adrate elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty price zones, this no longer hap\u00adpens. But we have this prob\u00adlem with\u00adin Ger\u00admany as well. For exam\u00adple, the com\u00admon elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty price zone allows Bavaria to buy cheap wind pow\u00ader from the north, even though there is not enough trans\u00admis\u00adsion line capac\u00adi\u00adty to trans\u00adport it. Then gas-fired pow\u00ader plants have to start up in Bavaria and pro\u00adduce this elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty. And the costs for this are passed on to cus\u00adtomers through\u00adout Ger\u00admany.<\/p>\n

With different electricity price zones, electricity prices would be higher in southern Germany and lower in the north. What consequences would that have?<\/h3>\n

Elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty prices would prob\u00ada\u00adbly vary sea\u00adson\u00adal\u00adly because we have more wind ener\u00adgy in the north and more solar ener\u00adgy in the south. High\u00ader prices would def\u00adi\u00adnite\u00adly be an incen\u00adtive to bet\u00adter match con\u00adsump\u00adtion to gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion and to store more elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty. So there is already a strong case for invest\u00ading in ener\u00adgy stor\u00adage across the board to sup\u00adport the fur\u00adther expan\u00adsion of renew\u00adables<\/p>\n\n

\n
\n
\n
ABOUT THE PERSON<\/h5>\n
\n

<\/p>\n

Prof. Bruno Burg\u00ader<\/strong> is Senior Sci\u00aden\u00adtist at Europe\u2019s largest solar research insti\u00adtute, Fraun\u00adhofer ISE, and cre\u00adator of the Ener\u00adgy Charts.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

No ener\u00adgy tran\u00adsi\u00adtion with\u00adout short-term stor\u00adage: Pro\u00adfes\u00adsor Bruno Burg\u00ader from Europe\u2019s largest solar research insti\u00adtute explains why experts agree on this point.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":7948,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-12-2022"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7928"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8117,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7928\/revisions\/8117"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}