{"id":7931,"date":"2022-12-10T17:30:30","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T16:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/de\/?p=7832"},"modified":"2023-06-12T22:56:48","modified_gmt":"2023-06-12T20:56:48","slug":"controlled-by-four-giants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onload.reinhausen.com\/en\/12-2022\/controlled-by-four-giants\/","title":{"rendered":"Controlled by four giants"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S<\/span>un and wind don\u2019t send a bill? Sure they do: If more and more renew\u00adable ener\u00adgy flows into our pow\u00ader grids, there will also be more pow\u00ader fluc\u00adtu\u00ada\u00adtions due to the weath\u00ader. To pro\u00adtect line sec\u00adtions from over\u00adloads and bot\u00adtle\u00adnecks, expen\u00adsive redis\u00adpatch mea\u00adsures \u2014 inter\u00adven\u00adtions in the pre-planned gen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion out\u00adput of pow\u00ader plants \u2014 are then nec\u00ades\u00adsary. These have to be request\u00aded by the respec\u00adtive trans\u00admis\u00adsion sys\u00adtem oper\u00ada\u00adtor. Accord\u00ading to the BDEW (Ger\u00adman Asso\u00adci\u00ada\u00adtion of Ener\u00adgy and Water Indus\u00adtries), this cre\u00adat\u00aded costs of around 590 mil\u00adlion euros in Ger\u00admany in 2021. In 2020, the fig\u00adure was 240 mil\u00adlion euros \u2014 anoth\u00ader exam\u00adple show\u00ading that the ener\u00adgy tran\u00adsi\u00adtion also means more expense for the con\u00adver\u00adsion and expan\u00adsion of the elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty net\u00adworks.<\/p>\n

Ten\u00adneT TSO, one of the four largest trans\u00admis\u00adsion sys\u00adtem oper\u00ada\u00adtors in Ger\u00admany, could cer\u00adtain\u00adly sing a song about this. That\u2019s why the Bayreuth-based com\u00adpa\u00adny is set\u00adting the course for the future and invest\u00ading in all areas. Among oth\u00ader things, they are rely\u00ading on pow\u00ader\u00adful phase-shift\u00ading trans\u00adform\u00aders (PSTs) to make partic\u00adularly stressed lines fit for the increas\u00ading feed-in of green elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty. The four cur\u00adrent\u00adly largest weigh 940 tons each, are each the size of a bun\u00adga\u00adlow and are locat\u00aded at the W\u00fcr\u00adgau sub\u00adsta\u00adtion in the Bam\u00adberg dis\u00adtrict. From the end of 2022, they will reg\u00adu\u00adlate two impor\u00adtant north-south pow\u00ader cir\u00adcuits in the Bavar\u00adi\u00adan regions of Upper and Mid\u00addle Fran\u00adco\u00adnia and help to bet\u00adter dis\u00adtrib\u00adute wind pow\u00ader from the Ger\u00adman north to the south.<\/p>\n

\"Tennet
Help\u00ading to real\u00adize a piece of the ener\u00adgy turn\u00adaround: MR Man\u00adag\u00ading Direc\u00adtor Wil\u00adfried Breuer (right) and Ten\u00adneT Man\u00adag\u00ader Dr. Flo\u00adri\u00adan Mar\u00adtin.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

PSTs shift the over\u00adload from a pow\u00ader line in a way that makes bet\u00adter use of the over\u00adall grid. How is this done? If you think of the trans\u00admis\u00adsion grid as a net\u00adwork of water pipes with many inflows and out\u00adflows, elec\u00adtric\u00adi\u00adty, like water, always seeks the path of least resis\u00adtance. If ener\u00adgy fed into a cir\u00adcuit becomes con\u00adgest\u00aded or there is a bot\u00adtle\u00adneck, phase shifters con\u00adnect\u00aded in par\u00adal\u00adlel can open or reg\u00adu\u00adlate the cor\u00adre\u00adspond\u00ading inflows or out\u00adflows upstream and down\u00adstream like valves, so that the cur\u00adrent takes the desired path.<\/p>\n

HELPS THE ENERGY TRANSITION<\/h2>\n

In this way, load flows in the grid can be opti\u00admal\u00adly con\u00adtrolled. This leads to an over\u00adall high\u00ader trans\u00admis\u00adsion capac\u00adi\u00adty in the extra-high volt\u00adage grid, empha\u00adsizes Dr. Flo\u00adri\u00adan Mar\u00adtin, Head of Asset Tech\u00adnol\u00ado\u00adgy at Ten\u00adneT, and explains fur\u00adther: \u201cCost\u00adly redis\u00adpatch mea\u00adsures are no longer nec\u00ades\u00adsary. In view of the cur\u00adrent ener\u00adgy cri\u00adsis, this can even lead to the sit\u00adu\u00ada\u00adtion that the grid can con\u00adtinue to be oper\u00adat\u00aded in a sta\u00adble man\u00adner, even if redis\u00adpatch pow\u00ader plants required for this should no longer be avail\u00adable.\u201d There\u00adfore, in addi\u00adtion to oth\u00ader mea\u00adsures, more and larg\u00ader phase-shift\u00ading trans\u00adform\u00aders are need\u00aded to counter the more volatile feed\u00aders.<\/p>\n

\"w\u00fcrgau
With its four phase-shift\u00ading trans\u00adform\u00aders, the sub\u00adsta\u00adtion in W\u00fcr\u00adgau will reg\u00adu\u00adlate two impor\u00adtant north-south pow\u00ader cir\u00adcuits in Bavaria start\u00ading at the end of 2022.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The W\u00fcr\u00adgau phase shifters demon\u00adstrate the cut\u00adting-edge tech\u00adni\u00adcal require\u00adments involved. One of these colos\u00adsi con\u00adsists of two units, so-called series, and exci\u00adta\u00adtion trans\u00adform\u00aders. Each dou\u00adble unit has a through\u00adput of 1,420 mega\u00advolt amperes (MVA), mak\u00ading a total of 2,840 MVA.<\/p>\n

Powerful bouncer<\/h2>\n

There are good rea\u00adsons for this enor\u00admous pow\u00ader: While the entire load flow of a line pass\u00ades through the trans\u00adformer, it is the on-load tap-chang\u00ader inside that allows the load flow to be braked and accel\u00ader\u00adat\u00aded in the first place. As a key func\u00adtion\u00adal PST ele\u00adment, it con\u00adtrols the high pow\u00aders. Four on-load tap-chang\u00aders are installed in the W\u00fcr\u00adgauer phase shifters for each trans\u00adformer bank. The demands on per\u00adfor\u00admance and reli\u00ada\u00adbil\u00adi\u00adty are extreme here.<\/p>\n

That\u00b4s why Ten\u00adneT turned to the com\u00adpa\u00adny that invent\u00aded the on-load tap-chang\u00ader and con\u00adtin\u00adues to opti\u00admize it: \u201cTogeth\u00ader with MR, we devel\u00adoped a cus\u00adtomer-spe\u00adcif\u00adic solu\u00adtion from their port\u00adfo\u00adlio based on our tech\u00adni\u00adcal spec\u00adi\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtions, test\u00aded it and put it into oper\u00ada\u00adtion,\u201d says Flo\u00adri\u00adan Mar\u00adtin. Com\u00adplete\u00adly planned and built, the trans\u00adport of the PST colos\u00adsi was the last major hur\u00addle before their instal\u00adla\u00adtion and com\u00admis\u00adsion\u00ading. In the sum\u00admer of 2021, eight heavy-duty trans\u00adports brought the indi\u00advid\u00adual PST boil\u00aders, each weigh\u00ading up to 326 tons, to the W\u00fcr\u00adgauer Berg in two days via rail, ship and road (see info box).<\/p>\n

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FOR THE PHASE SHIFTERS OF TOMORROW<\/h5>\n
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In the future, cus\u00adtomers can also rely on MR\u2019s lat\u00adest devel\u00adop\u00adment: The new VACUTAP\u00ae VRL\u00ae switch\u00ades up to ten MVA and is vir\u00adtu\u00adal\u00adly main\u00adte\u00adnance-free. It is also a world record hold\u00ader: in order to save space, MR has designed the out\u00adput to be an incred\u00adi\u00adble 3,200 amps. That\u2019s more than twice as much as the largest tap chang\u00ader has ever had. MR Man\u00adag\u00ading Direc\u00adtor Wil\u00adfried Breuer:
\n\u201cIts extra\u00ador\u00addi\u00adnary switch\u00ading capac\u00adi\u00adties, even at very high phase cur\u00adrents, make it pos\u00adsi\u00adble to dis\u00adpense with sym\u00admet\u00adri\u00adcal cur\u00adrent shar\u00ading in the con\u00adtrol wind\u00ading. This reduces mate\u00adr\u00adi\u00adal usage, con\u00adstruction vol\u00adume, weight and also the oper\u00adat\u00ading loss\u00ades of the trans\u00adformer.\u201d<\/p>\n

The VACUTAP\u00ae VRL\u00ae in figures:<\/h5>\n